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The Casa Bloc is a residential building built between 1932 and 1936 found in the Sant Andreu district of the city of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). Its architects were Josep Lluís Sert (1902–1983), Josep Torres Clavé (1906–1939) and Joan Baptista Subirana (1904–1978), all members of GATCPAC ''(Catalan Group of Architects and Technicians for the Progress of Contemporary Architecture)''. Catalan architects of the Second Republic, brought together by the GATCPAC, proposed a new way of living that was just, accommodated co-existence and defended the collective identity. The creation of Casa Bloc was one of the first steps towards dignifying workers' living conditions. As a result of the Spanish Civil war, the project was cut short. In 2012,after a careful restoration by the ''Institut Català del Sòl'' and ''Institut de Cultura'' of Barcelona, through the Disseny Hub Barcelona, the doors to apartment number 1/11 are open and furnished just as its creators had originally wanted.〔(The Casa Bloc ) at DHUB〕 Today, the Casa Bloc is considered a symbol of the rationalist architecture in Barcelona promoted by the Catalan Government during Second Spanish Republic, since it was once an innovative social project, integrated in the urban environment and housing functional accommodation designed as minimum standard for workers. In 1992, the Generalitat de Catalunya declared the building as a protected heritage, in the category of Monuments. == History == Josep Lluís Sert (1902-1983), Joan Baptista Subirana (1904-1978) and Josep Torres Clavé (1906-1939) designed a large building, with more than 200 apartments for workers in the industrial district of Sant Andreu, many of whom at that time still lived in shacks, generally in very poor conditions. The project was supported by the Casa Obrera, a body answerable to the Generalitat de Catalunya —the Government of Catalonia — in charge of building housing for workers,with a remit to improve the living conditions of the socially disadvantaged. The importance of the project is evident from the fact that the official laying of the first stone in 1933 was attended by the President of the Generalitat, Francesc Macià. The Spanish Civil War prevented the completion of the Casa Bloc and the conclusion of the three-year conflict put an end to the philosophy that had underpinned its construction. The building was allocated not to workers but to the families, widows and orphans of members of Franco’s armed forces and, a little later, to the national police. Structurally too the finished building was at variance with the aims of the GATCPAC architects: the communal spaces on the ground floor were completed in other ways, and part of the original system of vertical access and corridors was discarded, together with the primary purpose of the project and its social and cultural function. The GATCPAC members had sought to embody key elements of the group’s thinking in the Casa Bloc, with a programme designed to provide decent housing at low cost while suggesting new forms of social living and collective identity, formalized in a new urbanism based on a new concept of the city. This creative freedom, closely aligned with the tenets of the European avant-garde of the time, and reflecting a significant social commitment, like many other achievements of the Catalonia of the Second Republic, was swept away by the Franco regime, and was not recognized and recovered until the restoration of democracy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Casa Bloc」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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